An anal fissure is a tear or open sore (ulcer) that develops in the lining of the anal canal. The anal canal is the last part of the large intestine. It's located between the rectum – where stools are stored – and the opening in the bottom stools are passed through (anus). There’s more information on the NHS website. Referral information for GPs is here.

Skin tags are small, soft, skin-coloured growths that hang off the skin and look a bit like warts. They're very common, harmless, and can vary in colour and size – from a few millimetres up to 5cm (about 2 inches) wide. You can read more on the NHS website. Referral information for GPs is here.

A haemorrhoidectomy is an operation to remove haemorrhoids. It's usually carried out under general anaesthetic, which means you'll be unconscious during the procedure and won't feel any pain while it's carried out. A conventional haemorrhoidectomy involves gently opening the anus so the haemorrhoids can be cut out. You can read more about haemorrhoids (piles) on the NHS website. Referral information for GPs is here.

A hernia occurs when an internal part of the body pushes through a weakness in the muscle or surrounding tissue wall. Your muscles are usually strong and tight enough to keep your intestines and organs in place, but a hernia can develop if there are any weak spots. You can read more about hernias on the NHS website. Referral information for GPs is here.

A sports hernia is a painful, soft tissue injury that occurs in the groin area. It most often occurs during sports that require sudden changes of direction or intense twisting movements. Although a sports hernia may lead to a traditional, abdominal hernia, it is a different injury. Referral information for GPs is here.